Measuring in liquids

All the range of measuring in liquids, starting from the measuring in a single drop to special cells with temperature

regulation, can be possible owing to the scanning head for liquid measurements with probe holder.

SOLVER SPM line provides use of the liquid cells for carrying out experiments in liquids and gas environment at the room temperature. Different models of liquid cells can be placed in scanner or carry out the scanning using the special liquid measuring head.

Fig.1 Liquid cell.

Fig.2 Scanning head for liquid measurements with probe holder.

Probe nanolaboratory NTEGRA gives a wider range of possibilities:

Measuring in liquids with controlled temperature change in the range from -10 to 120 °C
Measuring in the air with controlled temperature change in the range from -30 to 170 °C
Change of the liquid during the experiment
Possibility of integrating SPM with optical methods by setting inverted microscope

Combination of Atomic-Force and inverted optical microscope developed in NTEGRA Vita allows expanding features of AFM. Investigation of living cells and matters is the specialization of NTEGRA Vita. With Atomic-Force microscopy one can study macromolecules and living cellular systems in the conditions close to the physiological ones. High resolution of several nanometers, rather short time needed for the scanning, no need of fixing the sample and setting the markers make NTEGRA Vita a very convenient tool for biological research.

Fig.3 AFM image of DNA molecule on a mica substrate. Scan size 160х160 nm.

Fig. 4 NTEGRA Vita.

Basic methods of measuring in liquids:

Contact AFM
Semi-contact AFM
Lateral-Force Microscopy
Adhesion Force Imaging
Force Modulation Mode
Phase Imaging Mode
AFM Lithography