Practice details

Lateral resolution improvement of surface potential measurements.

A noncontact EFM mode utilizes the phase shift measurements (absolutely in the same maner as in Phase Imaging mode). The name "noncontact EFM mode" is given to underline the electrostatic origin of the phase conrast.

See practice details of Voltage drops, Kelvin mode, and practice details Local elasticity, Force modulation mode. Specific parameters of the scan can be found in f10.opt, f11.opt and f10.mdt, f11.mdt  

AFM images are obtained by commercial SPM P47H with NSG11 cantilevers.
On the next page description of the basics of the used mode are presented. 
Additional information about laser structures were received with usage of Kelvin mode.